
I3m. rl-a. J\u^,xiAj, 




<y ^ 




IW..i 




Book .H^^ 



Fstcts Abo\it the 

Gulf Coast District 



OF SOUTH MISSISSIPPI, 

SOUTH ALABAMA AND 

WEST FLORIDA 



COMPILED BY 

H. S. HYATT, Imm ig r SLtion. a. rv d C o loniza.tion Agent, 
— BILOXI, MISS. 



Courier-Journal Job IVinting: Co., Louisville. 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST, 



50ME leading facts are herein presented for the con- 
sideration, if not the guidance, of those who desire 
to make investments in lands, either speculative or 
for use for stock-raising, agricultural, horticultural or 
other purposes. 

Personal knowledge of the prevailing conditions 
west of the Mississippi River from the British Pos- 
sessions to the Gulf, as well as in the Gulf Coast 
District, justifies the assurance on the part of the writer 
that these statements can be relied upon. 

WHO ARE INTERESTED? 

Without disturbing the contentedly happy, whatever 
be their present lot, there arc thousands in the Northern 
States deeply interested in the conditions of health, 
home, success and enjoyment offered in the Gulf Coast 
District. 

Restored health and prolonged life are assured thou- 



sands in the North, who are dangerously near their 
graves now, provided they do not delay coming too 
long. 

As a sanitarium for many diseases, throughout the 
year, this Gulf Coast District has no equal. As proof, 
the hotels, boarding houses and cottages are filled, both 
summer and winter, by health, as well as pleasure, 
seekers. 

HOMESEEKERS, of whom there are more than 
100,000 at all times, are deeply interested, for the sec- 
tion traversed by the Louisville & Nashville Railroad 
offers greater advantages to them than has ever been 
offered by any part of the "West," Texas or elsewhere. 
The conditions are so varied that a settler can choose a 
place to his liking. 

There has been no time nor place within the knowl- 
edge of the writer (who located lands in Iowa during 
1855 and '56, and since then investigated nearly every 
State and Territory), where as good a home and as 






FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



many comforts could be secured with a given amount 
of money and effort as can now be secured in the Gulf 
Coast District. No one acquainted with the facts would 
exchange a ten-acre home on the Gulf Coast for almost 
any kind of a home in the North or West. 

Stock-raisers are interested, for here land costing 
$2.50 to $5.00 per acre will return much larger net 
profits without feeding, expensive barns, labor, etc., than 
the same number of acres in the Northern States with 
the expensive barns, labor in storing feed, caring for 
in winter, etc., that is required there. 

Since our personal investigation and experience 
fully verify the following 

STATEMENTS MADE BY OTHERS, 

It is a pleasure to present their testimony as to the 
products and profits of the Gulf Coast District. 

We extract the following from the report of a special 
committee of nine representative citizens appointed for 
that purpose by a Farmer's Institute held on the Mis- 
sissippi Coast under the auspices of the State Agricul- 
tural College, which report received the following en- 
dorsement : 

"The following summary of the advantages, re- 
sources and capabilities of the Mississippi Sea Coast 



is but a plain, unvarnished and moderate statement of 
facts well known to two of the undersigned by personal 
observation at all seasons for many years." 

S. D. Lee, Pres. A. & M. College. 
D. L. V'B.K-ss.^, Professor of Biology. 
J. A. Meyers, Professor of Chemistry. 

REPORT. 

"Two, and even three farm crops can be success- 
fully grown on the same land each year. 

"That no portion of the continent surpasses, and but 
few sections equal, these coast counties for stock-rais- 
ing. 

"Special advantages and profits are offered those 
who would engage in the canning of fruits and vegeta- 
bles. 

"No section of country can be more remarkable for 
the excellent health of its citizens than this. 

"All kinds of vegetables can be most successfully and 
profitably grown in these coast counties. 

"There are no climatic or other influences detri- 
mental to the successful raising of blooded and high 
graded stock. 

"The conditions for success in butter-making are 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



ample; and we commend that industry tu favorable coti- 
sideration. 

"The wood fibre grown on this coast is of superior 
quality, and sheep-raising is deserving of special favor. 

"Sheep require no winter feeding, and other stock 
are seldom fed, still a little feeding at times would be 
better for cattle. 

"As a health and pleasure resort this Gulf Coast of 
Mississippi ofifcrs greater attractions tlian Florida or 
any other section of country, being equally attractive, 
summer aad winter. 

"For stock-raising alone the price of land in these 
coast counties is lower than in -ny of the stock-raising 
prairie regions of the \\'est. 

"To persons of limited means desiring to secure 
homes with a large measure of life's comforts this sec- 
tion offers greater inducements than any other section 
of country inviting immigration. 

"There is a large list of grasses, admirably adapted 
to these coast counties, most nutritious in c|uality, and 
ample for extensive stock-raising. 

"Poultry-raising is specially commended by all who 
have given the business any attention. Greater measure 
of success, lighter expenses and a l)ctter market for the 
products than in any other section constitute the basis 
of rare profits. 



"In quality and fertility of soil the lands in this sec- 
tion differ as much as in any other section or State. 

"Except in limited areas, the subsoils are admirably 
adapted to a high degree of fertilization. 

"Green vegetable matter, of which the lands produce 
a luxuriant growth, possesses fertilizing and reclaiming 
properties to the highest degree. 

"Commercial fertilizers can be used to great profit, 
but each farmer and gardener can manufacture his own 
at a great saving of cash. 

"The abundant supply of the best varieties of salt- 
water fish, oysters, crabs and shrimp, is unequaled, and 
invites with a most liberal profit the investment of capi- 
tal in that line of industry. 

"In the home market the demand for all agricultural 
products exceeds the supply, and transportation facili- 
ties are ample to meet the wants of over-production. 

"Red, white and Mexican clover, alfalfa, orchard 
grass and blue grass, may be successfully grown in ad- 
dition to the large list of native grasses. 

"The cow pea, so luxuriant in these coast counties, 
ranks above all other vegetable products for food and 
fertilizing, also as a subduer and reclaimer of the soil. 

"Strawberries and other small fruits, grapes, figs, 
peaches, plums, pears, apricots, pomegranates, oranges, 
quinces, pecans, etc., can be successfully cultivated, and 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



are deserving ot special consideration at the hands of 
the horticiihurists and fruit growers. 

"The temperature in winter very seldom sinks to 
the freezing point, or rises to go degrees Fahrenheit in 
summer. Cooling breezes almost constantly prevail 
during the summer months. The annual rainfall 
amounts to about fifty inches, quite equally distributed 
throughout the year. Protracted droughts are seldom 
known. 

"That twenty-five to forty bushels of corn, twenty- 
five to fifty bushels of oats, thirty to eighty bushels of 
rice, seventy-five to one hundred and fifty bushels of 
Irish potatoes, one hundred and fifty to three hundred 
bushels of sweet potatoes, and one and a half to three 
tons of hay per acre can be raised. Ribbon cane is cul- 
tivated with success, and by some a larger profit is 
claimed than from the sugar lands of Louisiana." 



LIVE STOCK. 

SHEEP— Hon. R. M. Bell, U. S. Agricultural Com- 
missioner, and an expert in the sheep industry, was sent 
to investigate sheep-raising in the South. In his re- 
port he says : 

"Mississippi has an unparalleled record in wool-grow- 



ing, due to the climate and soil, the pasturage, water, 
shade, sunshine and geological formation — a mystery 
not now so easily explained, though recognized 
wherever fine, soft, luxurious wools are grown. 

"The 'Piney Woods' sheep are found in the southern 
part of the State, where they have held their own from 
Spanish colonial times and can continue to do the same 
in the indefinite future. 

"It is a singular and significant fact that these hardy, 
aboriginal, neglected and unimproved sheep are exempt 
from all diseases." 

The writer wishes to emphasize this statement of 
the "Piney Woods" sheep being free from all diseases, 
also as to quality of sheep and wool. 

Prof. S. M. Tracy, who for nine years was director 
of the A. & M. Experiment Station, says : 

"When the writer made an investigation of the sub- 
"ject of sheep-raising a few years ago for the U. S. Gov- 
"ernment, he thought Mississippi a most wonderful 
"region for the raising of wool, and he thinks so yet, 
"but he also sees a future for the State as a most profit- 
"able mutton-raising section. I am amazed, and can but 
"wonder why sheepmen will continue to go West to 
"raise sheep, and worse yet, why men will stay on high 
"priced land and feed six months in the year rather than 
"come here." 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



The following is copied from said Prof. Tracy's 
"Hand Book of Mississippi" : 

"I refer to the counties of Hancock, Harrison and 
"Jackson, generally known as the Gulf Coast of Mis- 
"sissippi, whose shores are washed by the waters of the 
"Gulf of Mexico and along whose southern fringe speed 
"the long trains of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. 
"The soil is splendidly adapted to all kinds of vege- 
"tables, their cultivation requiring only reasonable fer- 
"tilizing, and their crops are unfailing in their respective 
"seasons. 

"No better country for the raising of cattle and 
"sheep can be found anywhere in the United States. 
"The grazing lands are unexcelled and the wool of 
"superior quality." 

The more thorough the investigation the stronger 
will the conviction be that this Gulf Coast District is un- 
equaled for profitable stock-raising; all that has been 
said in regard to its adaptability to sheep being equally 
applicable to cattle, horses, mules and swine. 

Dairying would here be a most profitable branch 
of stock-raising, in quantity and quality of milk and 
value of its products. 

The reader's attention is invited briefly (for much has 
been said on the subject) to 



CASSAVA, ITS USES AND PROFITS. 

and as specially adapted to the Gulf Coast soil and 
climate. 

We copy the statements of Dr. PI. E. Stockbridge, 
Director of the Florida Experiment Station : 

"It thrives best on moderately fertile sandy soils and 
is perfectly adapted to the areas of pine lands. 

"Its yield per acre is about six tons or 12,000 pounds. 

"It is unquestionably true that Cassava, all things 
considered, comes nearer supplying a perfect ration for 
farm stock than any other concentrated food. 

"The cost of producing Cassava is much less tlian 
corn per value. 

"The experiments show that pigs fed on Cassava 
will make 36 per cent more meat during a given in- 
terval than if fed on corn. 

"The cost of producing meat is less than one half 
with Cassava as with corn, that the same result is ob- 
tained in seventy da\'s that requires 120 days in the 
feeding sections of the northwest. 

"That the product is equally good is proved by th;^ 
fact that in Florida the beef there produced has been 
put on sale in the open market with Chicago beef, has 
sold at the same price, and wherever offered has driven 
the Chicago article out of the market. 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



"The crop is adapted only to the Hght sandy lands 
of the Gulf Coast so that the far South possesses a 
monopoly of the advantages it offers." 

The starch value of cassava commends its cultiva- 
tion for profit even stronger than for stock fattening. 
Says Dr. Stockbridge on this branch of the subject : 

"There are two products for which Cassava offers 
superior material, namely, starch and glucose. The 
starch of the world has heretofore depended upon pota- 
toes and corn as raw material. 

"An acre yielding forty bushels of corn would pro- 
duce 1,187 pounds of starch, while an acre of Cassava 
would yield 2,400 pounds of starch. 

"It appears that Cassava is to-day the cheapest 
known source of starch, costing at present market value 
of raw material only about one-fourth as much as its 
nearest competitor. 

"The full significance of these facts is best illustrated 
by a comparison recently made to me by the representa- 
tive of the largest starch producer in the world. One 
pound of Florida starch — Cassava — goes as far as six 
pounds of the best northern product. The southern 
article can be sold at a profit for 4 1-2 cents, while the 
northern article costs 61-2 cents per pound to produce." 



RIBBON, OR WEST INDIA, SUGAR CANE. 

is v,^ell adapted to this Gulf Coast District, and is prov- 
ing to be a most profitable crop for the small home- 
steader, as well as the weahhy planter. The cost of 
production is certified to be about the same as corn, and 
the yield per acre ranges from 400 to 700 gallons, worth 
from $150.00 to $250.00. 

One lady certifies to raising 666 gallons per acre, 
that she sold for 50 cents per gallon. 

Some certify to raising 700 gallons, and no one less 
than 400 per acre. 

UPLAND RICE is a most profitable yearly crop as 
grown by many now residing near the Coast. A winter 
crop of something else can also be raised on the same 
land each year. Some claim they raise as high as 100 
bushels per acre, but 30 to 50 should be confidently ex- 
pected, and as about $i.co a bushel is the average price, 
even without a winter crop, it is most profitable. 

The GREATEST DIVERSITY of CROPS, suited 
to all seasons of the year, is a condition of assured 
profits found nowhere else. 

The writer has raised five crops on the same land 
during the year. Three standard crops can be raised 
each year, selected from onions, cabbage, cauliflower. 



8 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



Irish and 5\vcct potatoes, melons, beans, beets, turnips, 
etc., that the following 

CERTIFICATES OF RESULTS, 

verified by good cultivators, demonstatc that from $150 
to $250 per acre profit can be realized each year, while 
some claim profit from a single acre, to wit : 

S. D. R. — Average number of crates of cabbage per 
acre, 150. The largest return per acre $300. From 
cabbage, potatoes, beans and hay, cleared in one year 
$7,000 on 65 acres. 

G. D. R. — I have raised 200 crates of cabbage per 
acre and sold as high as $4.00 per crate. Have raised 
50 bushels of corn per acre. 

P. T. \V. — Have raised 105 bbls. of Irish potatoes 
per acre ; average yield 60 bl)l.s. Snap beans 250 to 300 
bushels per acre. Have realized $250 per acre from 
melons. 

S. H. B. — Net returns from 6 1-4 acres of cabbage, 
$1,025. 

B. B. B. — Sold from 22 1-2 acres of Irish potatoes, 
1,100 bbls. at net price of $1.50 per bbl. 

D. S. — From one bbl. of Irish potatoes planted, sold 
44 bbls. assorted ; 40 to 50 bushels corn per acre, 300 to 



400 bushels of turnips ; 300 to 400 bushels of beets, and 
$100 per acre from melons. 

J. W. H. — Raised on 16 acres in one year, 12 tons of 
hay, 400 bushels of corn and 2,505 bushels of potatoes. 

H. F. — Fifty to seventy bushels of corn per acre ; 30 
to 60 bushels of rice ; 200 to 300 Ijushels of chufas, 
more valuable for hog fattening than corn. 

C. I. A. — The yield of sugar-cane syrup per acre is 
500 to 700 gallons, and 50 bushels of rice; 150 to 300 
bushels of sweet potatoes ; i 1-2 to 3 tons of hay, and 
$300 to $900 per acre from strawberries. 

J. N. H. — From 35 square rods of land sold, $145 
worth of strawberries ; from one-half acre sold, $100 
worth of melons. Have raised 275 to 300 bushels of 
sweet potatoes per acre. A paying crop of Irish pota- 
toes can be raised in the spring and another in the fall. 

J. D. M. — My winter seed onion crop yields me 
from 125 to 250 bushels per acre. 

Jas. T. — Beans and melons readily return from $75 to 
$100 per acre within two months from planting. 

A. L. W. — We came from Wisconsin. I have cleared 
on an average $250 per acre on cabbage every year. 
There are thousands of people in the northwest who 
would come here if they only knew what this country 
has to offer them. 

A. P. B. — On land tliat can be bought for $10 per 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



acre, crops can be grown which will yield the farmer 
$200 per year above all expenses. 

German Trucker. — VVe generally get near $200 per 
acre net from cabbage. I can make more money here 
growing cabbage than I could make in Michigan in six 
years. 

J. O. — It is not an unusual thing in this section — 
Biloxi— for the trucker to clear $300 per acre on cab- 
bage. I don't believe any one knows just how much 
can be made on an acre here. 

Mr. Griswold. — I came here from Michigan. From 
the best land I realize net per acre $90 on snap beans ; 
$100 on potatoes ; $75 on melons ; $150 on cabbage. 

H. M. — Usually sells from $75 to $200 worth of 
melons and from $100 to $150 of cabbage per acre. 

A. B. E. — Came from northern New York. I have 
been delighted with both climate and soil. I realize 
above all expenses per acre about $150 on cabbage; 
about $75 on melons; $150 to $200 on cucumbers and 
squash, and $90 on snap beans. 

Mr. Baldwin. — I average one year with another, clear 
of expenses, per acre, $100 growing snap beans, cab- 
bage, melons, tomatoes, squash and cucumbers. 

One trucker said he usually gets $150 per acre from 
tomatoes, and that cucumbers could always be counted 
on to yield at least $100 per acre. 



CONCLUSIVE PROOF OF SOIL PRODUCTS 

Is found in the foregoing extracts from reports of gar- 
den crops, and the list might be extended almost in- 
definitely, including many crops not here mentioned. 

ROTATION OF CROPS. 

Special attention is called to the fact that, by a 
proper rotation, three of the above staple crops can be 
produced on the same Ir.nd yearly, and the writer wishes 
to emphasize the profits in onions, as only mentioned by 
J. D. AI. of foregoing list ; it being a reliable winter 
crop, coming into market in April, when prices rule the 
highest. 

Such rotation on the basis of yield and prices above 
quoted would make the net yearly yield per acre not less 
than $300, but the writer thinks it safe to put the net 
profits per year at $150, and that is no more than can 
usually be made out of a single crop. 

Special mention is made above of such crops as are 
most reliable and give the largest returns within two to 
four months from planting at all seasons of the year. 

PLANTER'S CALENDAR. 

A planting calendar will prove of special interest to 
northern readers, whether they contemplate agricul- 




CAT 
SLANU 




-LOMATON 




Moliho 

F LlO\ll I I D A 

t3)^ aQuint?tte 

CoUeg^Hill 

cantSnment 



Jntain 
Pt V. 

LiGHT House 

EastPascagoula ^. 

TURTLE Chenes Bay 
HORN PV_ "MSLAND 



USCOCEE 



Lambert ""-lvie 

£oi) Secours 



Gonzalelk Escambla)j 
OUvl 

ISACOLA]^ 



PETIT BOIS ISL. 



DAUPHIN ISLAND 




F 



O 



F 



M E 



O 



12 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST 



tural piir.-iiits in this section of country or not. We 
fjather from the experience of e^ardciiers in llic ]irincipal 
Gulf cities, omitting many articles of less importance to 
those not engaged in supplying the public markets. 
The variation of seasons, and the date in each month, 
must be left for individual discernment. 

JANUARY. 

Beets, parsnips, carrots, radishes, lettuce, cabbage, 
parsley, celery, egg-plant, tomatoes, peas, potatoes, 
onions, oats, millet — protected. 

FEBRUARY. 

.Same as in January, also cauliflower, hcans, melons. 
corn , sweet potatoes can be planted in beds for early slips. 

MARCH. 
Same as previous months. Cucumbers, melons, 
squash, okra, Lima beans, sweet corn, more seasonable. 
T'"gg-p'ants and tomatoes replanted in open ground. 
Cabbage and Irish potatoes, risky. 

APRIL. 
In general, the same as in March. Sweet potato 
plants put out for early crop. Plant pumpkins. Italian 
giant cauliflower, and former crops for a succession. 



MAY. 

Early vegetables not desirable planted this month. 
Corn, bunch beans, melons, squash, okra, cucumbers, 
may be planted for succession. Varieties of celery and 
cauliflower should be sown, also cow peas and pole 
beans. 

JUNE. 

This is not an active month for planting. The most 
favorable land invites the planting of corn, melons, 
squash, cucumbers, beans, lettuce, radishes, tomatoes 
and peas. This is (luite an imcertain month for rain 
fall. Weeds and grass are rapid growers. 

Jl^LY. 

Like June, this is not an active planting month. 
Sweet potato cuttings may be put out any time from 
April tmtil the last of this month, as the land is cleared 
of other crops and prepared for this. Sow cauliflower, 
radishes, lettuce, beans, turnips, peas, also cabbage 
seeds. 

AUGUST. 

The gardener finds this an active month for planting. 
Peas, beans, lettuce, radishes, beets are in order. Tur- 
nips shoidd receive full attention, also cabbage, cauli- 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



13 



flower, onions and Irish potatoes, 
be set out this month. 

SEPTEMBER. 



Celery plants may 



August planting may be continued this month. Cab- 
bage plants may be set, also celery and cauliflower. 
Sow Creole onion seed — the best raised. 

OCTOBER. 

Cabbage, cauliflower, celery, onions, peas, beets, 
carrots, parsnips, lettuce, radishes, turnips, should re- 
ceive attention. Sow clover seed, rye, oats, barley, and 
set out strawberry plants. 

NOYEAIBER. 

October planting may be continued this month. 
Turnips, cabbage, peas, beets, onions, lettuce and 
radishes are seldom affected by the cold of winter, if 
properly worked and cared for. Winter hot beds should 
3e put in good order this month. 

DECEMBER. 

Winter vegetables have been planted, to which may 
be added this month peas, cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, 



radishes ana turnips. Irish potatoes may do well 
planted this month. 

The rotation of crops is a matter of much importance 
in this climate. A few acres of land thoroughly ferti- 
lized and properly worked with the best of implements, 
will give the tiller no occasion to complain of nothing 
to do, or that he is not well paid. 

THE SUCCESS AND PROFITS OF FRUIT AND 
GRAPES 

Are as strongly attested as the other crops above 
mentioned, and should receive the attention of new set- 
tlers as soon as they are prepared to plant and wait for 
returns. 

A scientific horticulturist of California, after a 
chorough investigation of the Gulf Coast District, said : 

'T am perfectly infatuated with your climate and soil 
"for the culture of fruits of the highest excellence. 

"California can not stand a comparison. She has 
"got neither the soil nor the climate. 

"A scientific knowledge of fruit culture is the first 
"essential to a healthy immigration to your section. 
"This can be brought about by letting the world know 
"what you have got." 

Fruit-growing will here soon receive that full 



14 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



consideration its vast importance merits, in competition 
with all other sections of the coimtry. The centrality 
of location, nearness to market, the low price of the 
best land, and other conditions of the largest profits 
are without their equal. 

THE HEAT OF SUMMER. 

The summer heat along the Gulf Coast is not so 
great by ten to twenty degrees as it is in the adjacent 
territory north, even as far as Bismark, North Dakota. 
The following daily record for July and August of 1893 
is a reliable index of the comparative temperature : 



SUMMER HEAT NORTH AND SOUTH. 

(Of an ordinary year.") 

The reader will find the actual and relative tempera- 
ture for July and August, below given, taken from the 
official report, maximum heat. Most stations being in 
the top of high buildings, the extreme street, or surface 
heat, will generally be greater. For the comparison 
^lobile and New Orleans, as Gulf Coast cities, are 
taken. The fact may be noticed that even as far north 
as Bismark, N. D., the extremes of heat are not only 
much greater, but it holds on more days in succession. 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



15 



SUMMER HEAT NORTH AND SOUTH, (of an Ordinary Year.) 

The reader will find the actual aud relative temperature for July aud August, below given, taken from the official daily report, 
maximum heat. Most stations being in the top of high buildings, the extreme street, or surface heat, will generally be greater. 
For the comparison Mobile and New Orleans, as Gulf Coast cities, are taken. The fact may be noticed that even as far north as 
Bismarck, N. D., the extremes of heat are not oulj- much greater, but it holds on more days in succession. 



July. 



.1 


Mobile 


93 


Nei 


2 




95 


" 


3 




90 


" 


4 




89 




5 




S8 


" 


6 




91 


" 


7 




86 


" 


8 




90 


" 


9 




84 




10 




82 


" 


11 




83 


" 


12 




88 


■• 


13 




85 


" 


14 




85 




15 




86 




16 








17 




84 


" 


18 




86 




19 




87 


" 


20 




89 


" 


21 




86 




22 




86 




23 




89 


' 


24 




89 




25 


" 


87 


' 


26 




86 


■ 


27 




86 


" 


28 


" 


.87 


■ 



New Orleans. 97 

.94 

.91 

.93 

.87 

" .87 

■• .90 

■■ .87 

.85 

" .79 

.80 

.85 

.82 



Little Rock, Ark 102 

Little Rock, Ark 104 

San Antonio, Tex 106 

San Antonio, Tex 104 

El Paso, Tex 102 

El Paso, Tex 100 

El Paso, Tex 94 

Denver, Col 90 

Denver, Col 90 

Denver, Col 98 

Chicago 92 

Chicago 94 

Montgomery, Ala 92 

Montgomery, Ala 96 

Davenport, Iowa 92 



Davenport, Iowa. 
Davenport, iowa. 



. 9S 
. 9S 
Davenport, Iowa 92 



New York 

Corpus Christi 

North Platte, Neb . 
North Platte. Neb. 
Davenport, Iowa... 
Fort Smith, Ark... 
Sioux City, Iowa.. 
Washington, D. C. 
Washington, D. C. 



. 94 
. 94 
. 96 
. 9S 
.100 
.100 
.10 
. 94 
. 99 



North Platte, Neb 100 

Oklahoma 102 

Palestine, Tex 102 

Dodge City, Kan 102 

Little Rock. Ark 98 

Montgomerj-, Ala 96 

San Antonio, Tex 98 

San Antonio, Tex 98 

San Antonio, Tex 91 

Davenport, Iowa 93 



Davenport, Iowa.. 
Davenport, Iowa.. 
Aberdeen, S. Dak. 
Aberdeen, S. Dak. 
St. Paul, Min 



. 92 
. 94 
.109 
.100 
. 94 



St. Paul, Min 94 

St. Paul, Min 94 

Pittsburg, Pa 96 

Pittsburg, Pa 92 

Miles City, Mont 94 

Miles City, Mont 94 



Dodge City, Kan. 
Dodge City, Kan. 
Dodge City, Kan. 
Dodge City, Kan. 
Dodge City, Kan. 
Dodge City, Kan. 



.100 
.106 
.106 
.100 
.100 
. 96 



Fort Smith, Ark. 
Fort Smith. Ark. 

Abilene, Tex 

Oklahoma 

Oklahoma 



.100 
.104 
.104 
.104 
. 96 

Meridian, Miss 98 

Fort Smith, Ark 92 

Miles City, Mont 94 

St. Paul, Min 90 

St. Paul, Min 92 

St. Paul, Min 100 

Pittsburg, Pa 94 

Palestine, Tex 94 

Palestine, Tex 94 

Washington, D. C 90 



San Antonio, Tex 96 

San Antonio, Tex 96 

El Paso, Tex 94 

Bismarck, N. Dak 92 

Bismarck, N. Dak 96 

Bismarck, N. Dak 92 

Bismarck, N. Dak 100 

Bismarck, N. Dak 100 

Bismarck. N. Dak 102 

Marshalltown, Iowa 107 

Chicago 94 

Pittsburg 94 



Bismarck, N. Dak. 
Bismarck. N. Dak. 
Bismarck, N. Dak. 
Bismarck, N. Dak. 
Bismarck, N. Dak . 

Louisville, Ky 

Columbus, Ohio 

Little Rock, Ark... 



Bismarck, N. Dak. 
Bismarck, N. Dak 

Chicago 

Washington, D. C. 
Washington, D. C. 
Washington, D. C. 

St. Paul, Min 

St. Paul, Min 

Chicago 

St. Louis 

Omaha, Neb 

Marquette, Mich... 



. 90 
. 90 
. 96 
.100 
. 98 
. 94 
. 94 
. 94 



. 96 
. 97 
. 90 
. 92 
. 96 
. 90 
. 90 
. 96 
. 96 
..96 
.106 
.100 



i6 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



July 29 

• 30 

• 31 
August.. 1 

• 2 
> 3 

• i 
» 5 



8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
21 
2.J 
20 
27 
28 
29 
» 
31 



Mobile . 



.90 



New Orleans .86 



.90 
.91 
.89 
.84 



.90 



Washington, D. C. 
Fort Smith, Ark... 
Fort Smith. Aili... 
Fort Smith. Arli... 

Abilene. Tex 

San Antonio, Tex.. 



Dodge City, Kan. 

Omaha, Neb 

Omaha, Neb 

Davenport, Iowa. 



DonaldsvUle, La 98 



North Platte, Neb. 
Davenport, Iowa.., 



Davenport, Iowa.... 
Indianapolis, Ind.... 

Kansas City, JIo 

Kansas City, Mo.... 

Kansas City, JIo 

Aberdeen, S. Dalj... 

Xashviile, Tenn 

Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Kansas City, Jlo 

Little Rock, Ark.... 
Fort Smith, Ark.... 

Port Smith, Ark 

El Paso, Tex 

El Paso, Tex 

North Platte, Neb ., 

Oklahoma 

St. Vincent, Min 

Jacksonville, Fla 



. 9G 

. 9S 
. 9S 
. 09 
.100 

.10: 

.100 
. 9 
. 94 
. 94 
.100 
. 9S 
. 94 
. 94 
. 90 
. 92 
. 92 
. 91 



87 St. Louis. 



92 



.100 Bismarck, N. Dak 

. 94 Bismarck, N. Dak 

. 92 Bismarck, N. Dak. 

. 94 Pittsburg, Pa, 

— Palestine, Tex 

Palestine, Tex 

.... Miles City, Mont... 



St. Paul, Min.. 
Louisville, Ky. 



. 96 
. 98 
. 94 
. 92 
. 92 
. 96 
.100 



94 Miles City, Alont. 
94 Omaha, Neb 



Louisville, Ky 

Louisville, Ky 

Aberdeen, S. Dak. 
Little Kock, Ark.. 

Cairo, 111 

Okolona, Ark 

Okolona, Ark 

Okolon.a, Ark 

Miles City, Mont.. 

Macon, Ga 

Dodge City, Kan.. 
Dodge City, Kan.. 
Miles City, Mont.. 
Miles City, Mont.. 

Omaha, Neb 

Dodge City, Kan.., 
Abilene, Tex 



San Antonio, Tex. 
San Antonio, Tex. 
Kansas City, Mo.. 
Kansas City, Mo.. 
Kansas City, Mo.. 



. 9C Chicago 

. 9S Omaha 

.100 Columbus, Ohio 

. 9S St. I^ouis 

.100 Fort Smith, Ark, . 

.100 Columbus 

.100 Fort Smith, Ark... 

. 92 Omaha 

. 9S Omaha 

. 90 Palestine, Tex 

. 96 Palestine, Tex 

. 90 I'alestine, Tex 

. 98 San Antonio, Tex. 

. 9G St. Paul, Min 

. 96 St. Paul, Min 

. 90 Miles City, Mont... 
. 90 Miles City, Mont... 
.... Miles City. Mont... 
. 92 Jliies City, Jlont... 
. 92 Dodge City. Kan... 

. 94 Omaha 

. 94 Omaha 

. 92 Omaha 



. 94 

.100 
. 9S 
. 91 
.100 
.100 
.100 
. 98 
. 96 
. 90 
. 94 
. 94 
. 94 
. 92 

. 9; 

. 94 
. 94 

.100 

.96; 

.92 

• "^ 

. 93 

. 96 



San Antonio, Tex. 

San Antonio, Tex. 

St. Paul, Min 

St. Paul, Min 

Chicago 

Louisville, Ky 



96 
96 
92 
92 
94 
94 



Bismarck, N. Dak , 
Bismarck, N. Dak 
Bismarck, N. Dak 

St. Paul, Min 

St. Louis 

Macon, Ga 

Bismarck, N. Dak 

Nashville, Tenn 

Macon, Ga 

St. Louis 

Bismarck, N. Dak 
Denver, Col 



. 92 
. 92 
. 94 
. 99 
. 93 
. 98 
. 92 
.100 
. 9« 
. 92 
. 92 
. 96 



Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 

New Yorli 

Pittsburg . 

Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 

St. Paul .. 

St. Louis . 

Bismarck, 

Bismarck, 



N. Dak 
N. Dak 
N. Dak 
N. Dak 



N. Dak 
N. Dak 
N. Dak 



N. Dak 
N. Dak. 



. 92 
. 90 
. 90 
.100 
. 90 
. 90 
. 92 
. 96 
. SS 
. 92 
. 92 
. 98 
. 94 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



17 



The averages of temperature for five consecutive years in the Gulf Coast district are as follows: 





t 






































c 







































u 












be 












bn 












ti3 
















g 
> 


t 

> 







■*-> 
a 


C 





bo 
d 

> 


i 

£ 

> 




i 




d 
1 


be 
d 
u 

0) 

> 


5 

d 
1 







d 


c 


d 
u 

> 

d 


bl 

d 
u 

> 


bo 

t 

OJ 

> 


'a 

G 




d 
J3 


a 


u 


bo 
d 
u 



bo 
d 
u 

> 


'6 



d 



a 




bi 


d 


d 


CJ 


(U 


? 


bB 


d 


rt 





flj 


d 


bjo 


d 


rt 


(D 





d 


b£ 


d 


d 





<D 


d 


&£ 


d 


d 





a 


"d 




s 






E 


s 


tH 


c 






s 


£ 


u 


c 




, 


E 


g 


u 


C 






s 


s 


u 


c 






g 


E 


2 




'S 


c 


!c 


t 




cn 


*£ 


C 


X 






t. 


m 


c 


c 


■;:; 


£ 


£ 


ITi 


c 


r-" 


■^ 






u 


VI 


c 


c 


£ 


l 


4j 


fn 




t4 


c 


M 






>> 


t- 





bjD 






>i 


(-> 





"bo 






r^ 


t< 


C 


be 


t 




>) 


u 





bo 






>i 












X 


K 


C3 










>< 


X 


d 










M 


■s 


d 










X 


X 


d 








<■/ 


X 


d 




40 


48 


45 


19 


68 


Q 
4 


46 


2 

54 


51 


25 


71 



13 


42 


57 


47 


H 
14 





5 


41 


59 


g 
44 


W 
12 


70 


c 

3 


50 


51 


g 
62 


H 
23 


K 
75 


P 


January 





February 


54 


64 


54 


32 


76 


7 


44 


58 


50 


28 


75 


6 


48 


61 


53 


30 


73 


4 


54 


64 


62 


32 


77 


5 


52 


57 


55 


32 


75 


10 


March 


59 


70 


64 


41 


82 


8 


48 


64 


56 


33 


79 


7 


53 


65 


59 


41 


78 


11 


48 


63 


54 


34 


75 


4 


53 


66 


52 


36 


77 


10 


April 


62 


80 


66 


50 


82 


4 


65 


77 


69 


46 


87 


6 


57 


73 


66 


40 


S3 


8 


55 


74 


60 


39 


85 


2 


64 


80 


68 


50 


85 


5 


May 


72 


79 


74 


60 


85 


10 


71 


79 


73 


61 


89 


7 


69 


81 


74 


58 


S7 


3 


67 


86 


68 


53 


90 


7 


65 


75 


09 


56 


89 


7 


June 


72 


81 


77 


65 


90 


16 


76 


88 


80 


69 


93 


5 


76 


83 


79 


70 


90 


18 


68 


86 


70 


63 


94 


6 


71 


75 


78 


64 


85 


12 


July 


80 


87 


80 


72 


91 


14 


80 


88 


79 


75 


94 


11 


78 


87 


85 


72 


91 


12 


70 


73 


73 


66 


91 


12 


79 


84 


78 


72 


94 


15 


August 


77 


87 


79 


71 


92 


6 


75 


88 


80 


72 


95 


9 


76 


84 


80 


71 


95 


7 


79 


83 


72 


63 


87 


10 


81 


82 


79 


72 


86 


19 


September 


74 


87 


79 


67 


94 


7 


74 


84 


76 


m 


89 


10 


70 


85 


77 


56 


89 


9 


60 


81 


73 


52 


92 


8 


69 


80 


73 


54 


87 


18 


October 


69 


83 


69 


58 


92 


6 


58 


77 


64 


42 


80 


2 


57 


77 


66 


39 


88 


3 


E4 


66 


56 


82 


82 


6 


54 


73 


69 


48 


82 


6 


November 


50 


67 


56 


35 


78 


4 


60 


68 


55 


33 


80 


5 


48 


66 


52 


29 


78 


4 


48 


62 


53 


26 


76 


6 


52 


66 


54 


84 


78 


7 


December 


51 


61 


56 


21 


77 


9 


44 


60 


53 


27 


74 


4 


40 


53 


42 


10 


70 


3 


42 


60 


49 


28 


71 


10 


42 


58 


50 


32 


70 


7 



i8 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



Prostrations from heat are unknown, and the cli- 
matic conditions in summer are as conducive to excel- 
lent health as in winter. Tens of thousands of people 
from the adjacent interior make the Gulf Coast their 
summer resort on account of its invigorating healthful- 
ness. It has been more popular as a summer than 
winter resort but as the latter it is rapidly gaining in 
popularity. 

BEING A HEALTH AND PLEASURE RESORT 
Thoughout the entire year, what stronger proof can be 
desired of its healthfulness? The U. S. health statistics 
refer to this Coast District as possessing the best health 
conditions of any section of these United States. 

Why should not the mass of homeseekers in the 
north enjoy the restorative influences of the Gulf cli- 
mate, as well as the wealthy thousands that can afford 
the expense away from home? 

Thousands are carried to untimely graves in the 
north annually with diseases the Gulf climate would 
eradicate from the system if resorted to in time. Let 
:he afflicted decide which journey they will take. 

INSECT PESTS, VENOMOUS REPTILES, ETC. 

Having investigated nearly every State and Territory 
the writer assures the reader and all interested that no 



section of the country is freer from insects and reptiles 
that annoy man or beast than the Gulf Coast District. 

'Tis true, alligators inhabit the marsh beds, as do the 
festive mosquitos, but we are not advising homeseekers 
to settle therein. 



CONDENSED SUMMARY OF ADVANTAGES. 

The natural and climatic conditions the year round 
are more conducive to health, pleasure and profit than 
in any other section of the United States. 

The location is more central as to transportation 
and markets than in any country west of the Mississippi 
River. 

The land may be bought at lower prices, considering 
intrinsic and productive value, than have ever before 
prevailed in any other section inviting immigration. 

A man can secure a better home and health, with a 
greater measure of prosperity, upon the investment of 
any given amount of money, labor and efTort, than are 
obtainaljle in any other most favored section. 

A forty-acre home will return larger profits and 
supply a larger measure of home comforts than a lOO- 
acre farm in the North. 



FACTS ABOUT THE GULF COAST. 



19 



SUGGESTIONS FOR SETTLERS. 

In the interest of homeseekers as to economy, 
profits and contentment it is strongly urged that those 
who wish to change their homes during the coming 
fall and winter, should make a trip of investigation, and 
for the selection of land, in the spring or early summer. 
You will then be induced to employ your time and 
money with a fixed definite purpose, and have your 
place made ready for occupancy and use upon arrival. 

Under the prospects of a large increase in home 
and health seekers, the price of land will advance pro- 
portionately, hence the additional advantage of select- 
ing a location at as early a day as possible, even if you 



do not occupy until ne.xt year or after. ■ Selections can 
be made now that will be as profitable as 50 to 100 per 
cent interest. 

The Louisville & Nashville Railroad, between Mo- 
bile and New Orleans, passes through all the Coast 
towns and is strictly first class in equipment and man- 
agement. Throughout the entire year the company 
furnishes a passenger service of eight trains daily, and 
during the summer resort season, from March until 
November, ten to fourteen passenger trains are run. 
Through trains are run from Cincinnati, Louisville, 
Evansville and St. Louis to all these Coast towns, on a 
time schedule of about twenty-four hours. Examine 
the Coast map carefully. 



The Louisville & Nashville Railroad 

Is the Great Central Southern Trunk Line ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 

THROUGH 



^^"% 




SOUTH ILLINOIS, 
KENTUCKY, 
TENNESSEE, 
ALABAMA, 
WEST FLORIDA, 
SOUTH MISSISSIPPI 
AND SOUTHEAST 
LOUISIANA. 




TUc Uc^t lAiii^ lic^tw-een A.11 r'oints in the :\orth 

and A.11 Points in the South. 



C. B. COMPTON, Traffic Manager. 

D. M. aOODWYN, aeneral Freight Agent. 



C. L, STONE, (ieneral Passenger Agent. 
R. J. WEiMYSS, General Immigration and Industrial Agent. 
L^oulsvllle, KentLiclc>'. 



/\i,:-^ 



t^ 



^HABV OF CONGRESS 



' 014 498 429 8 



